A number of studies have been carried out in west africa, but most focus on. Implications for the management, utilisation and ecology of shea and locust bean. They contribute to the sustainability of soil nutrient and water cycles and buffer climatic extremes. Agroforestry parklands of the west african semiarid lands. Deforestation and the limited contribution of forests to. Agroforestry delivers a winwin solution for ecosystem. Agroforestry guidance tool farming systems of africa. Rejuvenating indigenous trees in agroforestry parkland systems for better fruit production using crown pruning. Evidence for anthropic selection of the sheanut tree. Climate change poses significant challenges to biodiversity, food security, water availability and health, especially in africa.
Parklands, in which annual crops are grown under scattered trees, constitute the most extensive farming system in semiarid west africa 23. The methods will reduce the leakage of carbon dioxide from the earth and accumulate the absorption of carbon dioxide from the air. Nutritional values and indigenous preferences for shea. A countrywide multiethnic assessment of local communities. Close to 70% of the rural poor in subsaharan africa reside in five farming systems for which the constraints and potentials are summarized in various sections on this site. Agroforestry in sustainable agricultural systems see other formats. Among the characteristics of traditional agroforestry parklands are the diversity of tree species they contain and the variety of products and uses. We want to know how such intermediate tree cover influences groundwater recharge. This wild tree species is protected and maintained on farmed fields in most of the parklands of. Scientists have mapped shea tree populations to identify the potential of existing shea parklands and the most suitable areas for shea trees to grow. Figure 1 map showing the location of the study area in relation to the sahelian ecosystem and major distribution areas for faidherbia albida. Road network upgrading and overland trade expansion in subsaharan africa. Pdf a planetary health perspective on agroforestry in.
Panel data evidence for growth and poverty reduction in uganda, 19922000. Although the latter is a key prerequisite, there is very. A shea butter rich in tocopherols vitamin e at the dogon. The success of terrestrial carbon sequestration projects for rural development in subsaharan africa lies in the i involvement of local populations in the selection of woody species, which represent the biological assets they use to meet their daily needs, and ii information about the potential of these species to store carbon. The sudanian savanna is a broad belt of tropical savanna that runs east and west across the african continent, from the atlantic ocean in the west to the western lowlands in the east. Deforestation and the limited contribution of forests to rural livelihoods in west africa. Information about variation and correlations of fuelwood properties and growth is needed in order to recommend species and sites for fuelwood. A planetary health perspective on agroforestry in sub. First annual report, 1 october 199830 september 1999. Saharan africa having the most countries with a study n 5, 63%. In the near east region, the use of maps goes back to thousands of years and forms an important part of various cultures heyhood 1999.
This is particularly true of agroforestry parklands, the most widespread agroforestry systems in the semiarid zones of west africa. Paper prepared for food security in africa bridging research and practice. Trees for livelihoods insights into practice and adoption of agroforestry in tiby, mali siri lena tholander thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of philosophy in culture, environment and sustainability centre for development and the environment university of oslo blindern, norway december 2011. Intermediate tree cover can maximize groundwater recharge. Soil constraints in subsaharan africa, 7 agroforestry, 7 burkina faso, 8 conceptual. Uses, traditional management, perception of variation and preferences in ackee. Land suitability modeling of shea vitellaria paradoxa distribution across subsaharan africa. Vitellaria paradoxa, and its potential significance to prevailing parkland savanna tree patterns in subsaharan africa north of the equator. The momentum that has been generated is encouraging. Their social and ecological values also carry a high significance. An inventory in the west gonja district, northern region, ghana, revealed that on intensively farmed land this species constituted 79. In southern africa, the sale of wooden crafts to tourists is an important source of revenue for many. Farmers are going to get paid for different types of farming activities. There were two studies 25% conducted in latin america and the caribbean, and one study % conducted in.
Developing more productive african agroforestry systems and improving food and nutritional security through tree domestication. Uses, traditional management, perception of variation and. Medicinal and aromatic plants in agroforestry systems. The management of nutrient resources is essential to optimize crop performance and. Knowledge gaps and research needs concerning agroforestry. Parklands are the traditional agroforestry systems of semiarid west africa or sahel where naturally growing, valuable trees are protected and nurtured on cropping and grazing lands. Variation in fuelwood properties and correlations of. Compost and fertilizer mineralization effects on soil and. Sound design and management of the agroecosystem, and improved value chain of tree products are key to increase profitability and resilience. The role of agroforestry systems in the adaptation to expected changes in climate by slivoarable in europe, smallholder home gardens and parklands farmers in subsaharan africa protect coffee. Aidas main research interest is on the use of trees to restore degraded lands through soil rehabilitation, with focus on dryland subsaharan africa. Shea agroforestry parklands of subsaharan africa contribute to the food security of over 200. Population structure and regeneration status of vitellaria paradoxa.
Indigenous management practices of farmed parklands. Developing more productive african agroforestry systems. Ssa subsaharan africa unesco united nations educational, science and cultural organization. Tree crown mapping in managed woodlands parklands of. Genetic diversity of the shea tree vitellaria paradoxa c. One of the most environmentally vulnerable areas of the world is the drylands of subsaharan africa, particularly the sahel, the horn of africa and southeast africa. Research within local communities can lead to a better understanding of the observed changes in climate, and help to find more appropriate strategies for dealing with them. Boffa 1999 reported that parklands investigated so far in subsaharan africa are proven to compose high species diversity i. A starting point for valuing agroforestry pro 31,49.
The impacts of agroforestry on agricultural productivity. Spatially explicit multithreat assessment of food tree. Agroforestry, broadly defined as the integration of trees and shrubs in farming systems, offers one of the most promising technological options for reversing soil degradation, restoring tree cover, and improving agricultural productivity in africa. Africa and crop yields under its canopy are often observed to double or triple orwa 2009. Compost and fertilizer mineralization effects on soil and harvest in. Distribution, characteristics, degradation and management. Integrated landscape approaches for africas drylands. But an accelerated effort is needed to expand the reach of evergreen systems to transform the farms of tens of millions of the poorest smallscale farmers.
Rapds and chloroplast microsatellites were used to quantify the genetic variation of vitellaria paradoxa an economically important tree species in. Agroforestry parklands are among the most widespread traditional land use systems in burkina faso, as in many other parts of subsaharan africa, where scattered. Insect pollination improves yield of shea vitellaria paradoxa subsp. The corafwecard secretariat is based in dakar, senegal. Detailed information on tree cover structure is critical for research and monitoring programs targeting african woodlands, including agroforestry parklands. In subsaharan africa, rural families are increasingly turning to medicinal plants and other ntfps to cope with hivaids barany et al. These parklands provide multiple ecosystem services in these fragile regions, which are susceptible to degradation. Integrated landscape approaches for africas drylands a world bank study i ntegrated landscape approaches for africas drylands presents emerging.
Creating an evergreen agriculture in africa 4 for more information expand evergreen agriculture throughout africa and asia. Agroforestry practices common in subsaharan africa. They are the dominant farming systems in semiarid west africa and cover the vast majority of cultivated area in sahelian countries. This is reflected in the fact that most of the literature on agroforestry parklands deals with west african systems. Figure figure1 1 provides the map legend including the relative extent of land cover types. The available evidence suggests that, despite some increased risks of infectious disease, agroforestry is likely to improve a. Conclusions and recommendations of an international symposium.
The sahel, a belt of drier grasslands and acacia savannas, lies to the north. Population structure and regeneration status of vitellaria. The available evidence indicates that agroforestry drives environmental change, which can improve a diverse range of pressing health concerns such as malnutrition, spread of infectious disease, prevalence of noncommunicable disease, and human migration. For trees used in the various systems subsaharan africa, the above ground woody biomass carbon was estimated to be 6, or 23 pg c, while the below ground carbon biomass and carbon in the soil store 8 to 54 pg carbon 5.
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